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selenak: (Undercover (Natasha and Steve) by Famira)
[personal profile] selenak
More Civil War triggered thoughts, this time about someone who isn't in it (with a good reason), Pepper Potts. Because the explanation for her absence reminded me of a couple of things, and made some thoughts about Pepper and her characterisation in the movies versus fanon come together.



So, Pepper, when she shows up in fanfiction, or is talked about tends to be described with the default label often used for female characters in male heavy narrative, "awesome woman being awesome". "Awesome" usually being equated with social concerns as well as with general competence. I remember some stories exploring how the Extremis experience was for her after Iron Man 3 (which was what I was looking for to read at the time), but I don't think I've come across exploring something which the current Tony/Pepper breakup and the reason Tony gives for it when Steve asks (that he went back to superheroeing post IM3 and realised he couldn't give it up) reminded me of, which is a, to me, hugely important for Pepper's characterisation exchange between Pepper and Tony in Iron Man I. It comes when Pepper, upon realising Tony is set on a new crimefighting career, says she's leaving. Then we get this, somewhat paraphrasing because I don't have time to look up the exact wording:

Tony: All these years as an arms dealer you stood by me, and this is where you draw the line? Now that I'm trying to make up for the destruction?
Pepper: You're going to kill yourself. And I can't watch that.


What I'm trying to get at here: Pepper signed on for a job with Stark Industries when its primarily source of income was manufacturing and selling arms, and worked so well for it that even villainous Obediah Stane, not a sentimental guy, regrets the prospec t of killing her once she figures out the truth about him. If Tony was "The Merchant of Death", as the press called him, she surely was Death's Accountant. Throughout all existing movies, there is no indication this bothered her in the slightest. She goes from extremely competent personal assistant to extremely competent CEO, and after Tony stops the arms production line, it's her idea to put clean energy at the centre of SI instead (at least that's how I interpret the dialogue references in Avengers). This makes sense consisting Tony's recent inventions (or improvements on Howard's and Vanko's inventions, if you want to get technical) re: arc reactor. But if Tony hadn't had his epiphany in Afghanistan, Stark Industries had continued as it was and Tony had still made Pepper CEO, would Pepper have changed the focus that way, once she had the power? Maybe, but movie canon has given us no reason to assume that.

Don't get me wrong: I don't mean Pepper doesn't have her own ideas or standards. On the contrary. And I don't think she misses the arms trade. But there's no indication anywhere she sees "saving the world" (however you define that) as a worthwhile cause or wouldn't be equally as satisfied being the competent CEO of a company that, say, manufactures bubblegum. What the Extremis experience seems to have left her with was a very clear idea of what she doesn't want for her own life. As for Tony's life: an argument can be made that the early classification of superheroing as an expression of Tony's self destructive streak doesn't really change in Pepper's mind. And you can see where she's coming from: in IM2, being Iron Man is literally poisoning him and he knows it and does it anyway, in Avengers, he nearly ended up dead by nuke in space in order to save the day, in IM3, he gives a top terrorist (he thinks) his home address issuing a challenge and nearly gets them all blown up as a result. And then he creates (well, co-creates, but it was his idea) an AI whose idea of saving the world is to kill every human on it.

Still, Pepper able to live with and support Tony Stark, Profiteer Of Death, but not with Tony Stark, Self Destructive Superhero, says something interesting that I don't believe has been explored yet, or really faced yet. (Though I recall at least one great ensemble story by Lettered, "Let's do the time warp again", in which Pepper says to Bruce something along the lines of how she doesn't care about the world: she cares about Tony.) Possibly because it's not how much of fandom's idea of how a strong female character should be (if she's not a supervillain) goes. (Incidentally, yes, of course there are a lot of good reasons not to have a romantic relationship with Tony Stark, or to end one, without even touching on whether he's currently busy saving or destroying the world, but if Tony isn't misrepresenting things to Steve, and the way the scene plays doesn't make it look that way, those weren't the ones for Pepper (at least temporarily) breaking up with him.)

Pepper is far more socially competent than Tony; she pays attention to people, whether or not they're interesting to her, and takes care not to alienate them (unless they're Christine Everhart). (She'd never been such a good P.A. otherwise.) And she doesn't have either a god or a guilt complex. But I think an argument can be made that she doesn't really care about people, either, let alone issues; she cares about a few individuals, and that's it. Heretical thought: the closest female character we've seen to MCU Pepper Potts is Wilson Fisk's beloved Vanessa in Daredevil, i.e. a villain. (In a way Jeri Hogarth in Jessica Jones, too, but here their attitudes towards exes is a key difference. I don't think Pepper would ever fight a nasty divorce battle about money.)

Usually prioritizing a man above a cause/ethics is seen as a sign of weakness in a female character (but not in a male one, though whether or not Steve does that in Civil War is the type of thing fandom fights over for the rest of time), which is possibly why Fanon Pepper rarely is written that way. But the underlying assumption to this idea of weakness is that the female character in question gives up her own standards/ideals in favour of her love for a man, or for the man's ideas. And this specifically isn't the case with Pepper and Tony. A I said: Pepper was fine with the arms manufacturing and trading. It's Tony turning the destructiveness against himself that she can't stand, nor does she see possible saved lives of strangers as a justification for this. And when it becomes clear that he won't be able to stay away from this behavior for more than short breaks, she draws the consequence and gets out, at least for now.

Cooly competent business woman Pepper who doesn't really care whether she's making her living in the weapons or the energy industry isn't a character as sympathetic as Pepper being nice to Bruce or rolling her eyes together with Natasha at the guys' posturing, or the generic Awesome Lady Being Awesome that shows up now and then, but it's a side of the character I would be interested in reading about.

On another note, here is a Rolling Stone profile of Chris Evans, in which Steve's actor has this to say about the central conflict of Civil War:

" It's a nice role reversal," says Evans. "You have a company man like Steve who always believed in the hierarchy of the military, but in the last couple of movies has seen the people he was loyal to misuse their power. Whereas Tony, who's always danced to the beat of his own drum, is feeling guilt for the collateral damage they've left. But that's why I like this movie: There's no clear villain in terms of right and wrong. And the truth is, I actually think Tony is right. To see Steve prioritize himself over what other people need is selfish. That's what makes it interesting."

Date: 2016-05-05 12:36 pm (UTC)
ratcreature: RatCreature as Iron Man (ironman)
From: [personal profile] ratcreature
Good point that Pepper doesn't have a trouble with the weapons manufacturing. Though I think for ethical lines it's worth keeping in mind that for a cutting edge technology company it is hard not to develop things that will be used militarily anyway, which is of course different than being the biggest war profiteer or such, but there is almost no way to keep your hands clean, and even less incentive with the most money in military contracts.

I remember an exercise we did in the student orientation for new physics students. First there was a section where we were asked who would be comfortable to work in weapons development, in the context of talking about ethics in science in for research etc. and very few were okay with making weapons. Some time later there was a discussion about interesting current developments in physics, talking about what we'd find interesting, what projects there were in theoretical and applied research, and whether we could consider going in that direction (without that being linked to the ethics discussion earlier initially). They were all cool projects, and students could imagine being happy to work on any number of them. And then after that the projects were reframed in presentation and 100% were for military use.

Date: 2016-05-05 02:45 pm (UTC)
ratcreature: RatCreature as Iron Man (ironman)
From: [personal profile] ratcreature
I think the exercise mostly brought the point home that it isn't a simple thing to say "I don't want to (help) make weapons" as a research scientist, and also helped explain why so many universities get funding from the military complex for both applied and "pure" research even if they are not building the next generation nuclear warhead or researching better explosives. And that even the stuff that can have obvious military benefits also can have big civilian applications. I mean, you may want to model how to predict or control the dispersal of a pollutant for industrial accident prevention and management or something, but the same research could also help you make your biological weapon more deadly, and it's like that with any number of things.

The reaction to that dilemma for most seemed to be some variation of the position that the knowledge generation wasn't to blame, but that the moral responsibilities were at some later point with some person that then uses the knowledge in amoral ways.

And I actually think that displacement of responsibility still works similarly for outright weapons manufacturer and people like Pepper who work for them, without making them amoral. She is integral to make and sell weapons, but she doesn't intentionally sell them to terrorists and doesn't make the decision to use the weapons, that decision lies with the military and the elected officials controlling it (at least if it wasn't subverted by Hydra), whom she expects to (hopefully) make the right moral choices. Clearly she isn't a pacifist who thinks it would be wrong under any circumstances to use weapons for war, but that is not amoral as such.

I think the reason why Tony makes such a hard turn wrt weapons is his giant ego, which won't allow him to displace responsibility as being just one person in a complex system, but thinks of himself as central, essential and able to control outcomes on his own.

Date: 2016-05-05 03:42 pm (UTC)
muccamukk: Wanda walking away, surrounded by towering black trees, her red cloak bright. (Avengers: Working)
From: [personal profile] muccamukk
It's quite possible that from Pepper's perspective, Tony has gone from making WMDs that congress controls to making WMDs that only he and his bestie control, which may not strike her as a picture of morality, either. She could just as well see making arms for the US Military as patriotism, and this as selfish and self-destructive.

There was a lot of discussion about Pepper in IM3 not wanting to be in a relationship with Tony when his PTSD meltdowns were putting her at risk, and some of the... well mostly the Steve/Tony shippers, were ragging on her for being a coward and unsupportive for backing away from him over that, so a lot of defensiveness comes in there. There was a pretty strong, It's right and good for a woman to say no to a guy who brings his killer robots to bed stance that followed in response.

There is an Awesome Women tendency, certainly, but a lot of it that I've seen has been more, "Fuck you, she's awesome!" in response to people ragging on her for, well, being a big meanie to poor little Tony.

I've certainly seen people who were not happy about her attitude towards Christine Everheart.

Date: 2016-05-05 04:40 pm (UTC)
muccamukk: Wanda casting a spell, surrounded by violet swirls. (Avengers: Scarlet Witch)
From: [personal profile] muccamukk
IM3 was brutal, man. I really liked the film, but it led to peak Woobie!Tony in fandom. I think that was my tail end of active in MCU fandom days, and between that and the bitterly entrenched arguments about Tony's Right/No Steve's Right regarding the screaming match in Avengers burned me out.

Though I briefly tuned in for AoU fandom, and... same entrenched arguments, different day? I think I'm one of about three people in fandom who actually mostly liked that movie, so I tuned out pretty fast.

Date: 2016-05-05 02:42 pm (UTC)
From: [personal profile] wee_warrior
Interesting points. I've been thinking about this lately: Do you think Pepper will return in the movies if they don't do a 4th Iron Man?

Usually prioritizing a man above a cause/ethics is seen as a sign of weakness in a female character (but not in a male one, though whether or not Steve does that in Civil War is the type of thing fandom fights over for the rest of time)

People fight over that? Have they seen the movie? (Or watched the press tour, where at least the Team Cap side emphasized the point Evans makes in the interview you linked above, namely that Steve puts his own interests above others for basically the first time in this movie.
It's basically why I think the disagreement Tony and Steve have over the Accords is ultimately not very relevant for the story, because even if Steve had signed the Accords, he likely would have reacted the same way when it came to Bucky. Naturally, without the Accords, things wouldn't have escalated this much, but the question whether Tony or Steve is "right" ultimately seems sort of academic? I think they need supervision, but that someone like Ross should not have it, because he doesn't accept the Avengers as persons and would likely abuse his power over them. That's not too far away from either Tony's or Steve's point.)
Edited Date: 2016-05-05 02:49 pm (UTC)

Date: 2016-05-05 04:55 pm (UTC)
ratcreature: RatCreature as Iron Man (ironman)
From: [personal profile] ratcreature
(I don't know whether the Austrians also have a law preventing extradition to a country with the death penalty; as far as I recall Germany does.)
AFAIK there is an EU-wide US extradition treaty of some sort from a few years back that demands that the suspect can't be sentenced to death if he was extradited from an EU country.

Date: 2016-05-05 06:28 pm (UTC)
ratcreature: RatCreature as Iron Man (ironman)
From: [personal profile] ratcreature
IANAL, but as I understood it in the news the agreement makes no difference based on the citizenship of the suspect.

Date: 2016-05-05 05:09 pm (UTC)
From: [personal profile] wee_warrior
Gwyneth Paltrow: I hope RDJ can persuade her, they had great chemistry in both Iron Man and Avengers. And while I've liked all of the MCU's female characters (that I've seen) so far, it's not like they have so many of them to spare. It's still very much a (mainly white) boy club. And now I want to see Pepper and Aunt May bonding and making fun of Tony's relationship advice.

Building up an International Supervision Board: they could turn this into another series. The West Wing, with Superheroes. Although would Giles really enjoy this, I wonder? Seems like an awful lot of paperwork.

Bucky being a wanted man: wouldn't he be that, anyway, due to being a Hydra assassin? He'd probably have to prove the whole brainwashing/POW for 70 years thing one way or the other. And it might explain why the US would have a vested interest in either killing or extraditing him. A trial would have the problem in T'Challa likely succeeding in killing him before it even starts, no matter where it happens. So Steve would again be forced to use illegal means in order to ensure his survival. (Although if it ever comes to a trial, Charlie Cox seems to be very eager to show up in the movies - this seems like an ideal crossover point.)

Date: 2016-05-05 06:36 pm (UTC)
From: [personal profile] wee_warrior
I have the feeling May's initial reaction to Peter being a superhero will be grounding him until college...

Hmm, Foggy would also be less likely to bleed on the trial folders. Besides, he and Bucky could bond over being into redheads. And a Carrie-Ann Moss cameo is always welcome! (Perhaps my one reason for checking out the Immortal Ironfist, whenever that show arrives.)

This would be a very astute move for Zemo, though given that Martin Freeman's character is apparently originally from Black Panther, I kind of expect him to "accidentally" end up in a Wakandan prison (instead of wherever EU prisoners go in the MCU).

Date: 2016-05-06 08:31 pm (UTC)
From: [personal profile] wee_warrior
(Regarding a potential Pepper return, apparently RDJ was on Howard Stern's show and said she'll definitely be back. So that's something to look forward to!)

Date: 2016-05-05 03:16 pm (UTC)
muccamukk: Natalie and Pepper look on sceptically. (IM: "Natalie"/Pepper)
From: [personal profile] muccamukk
I think this is a good point. She seems pretty interested in living a high life, and not so much in from whence the funds for that.

Though I wonder what it means that Pepper wasn't dating Tony until he was a superhero. She was his Girl Friday for ten years or so before, but they didn't start dating until IM1. After which they were on again/off again.

Though of course she still cared about him before, and the dating could have started for I Thought You Were Dead related reasons.

Date: 2016-05-05 03:52 pm (UTC)
muccamukk: Wanda walking away, surrounded by towering black trees, her red cloak bright. (Avengers: Working)
From: [personal profile] muccamukk
Oh I'd forgotten that. It's been so long since I've seen the first two IM movies. I had thought they kissed at the party, but that's right. She turned him down.

She's also very into nice clothes and shoes, past what she needs for presentation for her job, and was the one who was doing the art collecting in both movies, even if that was "for Tony" (who clearly didn't care).

I'm not completely convinced that Pepper thinks the nature of the original business was wrong though. I don't know if she'd put a lot of thought into it, but she could just be fine with it too. However, the narrative wants us to think it's wrong (and I personally agree, but I'm rather to the left of... everyone in the US arms business, probably), Tony does too, so I suppose that's the narratively approved option. The IM movies weren't exactly strong on people who thought differently than Our Hero having a valid outlook.

Though it just occurred to me that RHODEY is never seen as being in the wrong either, and he's actually in the military, and certainly didn't have trouble with Tony making weapons for him. He was Tony's liaison back in the day, and expresses very similar doubts about Tony's new career.

Date: 2016-05-05 04:33 pm (UTC)
muccamukk: Wanda walking away, surrounded by towering black trees, her red cloak bright. (Musketeers: Red)
From: [personal profile] muccamukk
I think I"m arguing with myself more than you. Which is a bit confusing when I read back.

I guess I'm just not sure, on reflection, why Pepper being fine with being Death's PA and not fine with Tony's self-obsessed superhero endeavours (or at least with Tony apparently trying to kill himself with them) makes Pepper morally ambiguous or even amoral. She may not have considered it, but she just as easily could have thought about it and decided it was fine, as Rhodey did (one assumes, since he's in the actual military).

I would say that Nick's assessment and Rhodey's general annoyance with Tony are meant to be correct in the facts, but sort of against the spirit of the movies and often written off in something of a boys will be boys tone. Natasha thinks Tony's too unstable and self-centred to be an Avenger, and rolls her eyes at him overriding the comms with rock music, but Nick goes out of his way to put him on the team, and Tony gets the big hero moment at the end of Avengers, proving his isn't as selfish as Steve thinks. Tony is not always meant to change, and the idea that he should is there but often written of as a joke that he knows what people think, but doesn't care.

Date: 2016-05-05 07:39 pm (UTC)
muccamukk: Natalie and Pepper look on sceptically. (IM: "Natalie"/Pepper)
From: [personal profile] muccamukk
Yeah. I agree that Tony has changed by the end of IM3, at least. Not totally, but he seems to put more thought into things, is less casually hurtful.

I think pragmatic is a better word. But I do still wonder if the fact that Pepper has no problem with the arms industry is because she thinks it's fine. We don't get any word on this either way (which in itself probably supports your theory), but in the US, making weapons is often... less charged than non-Americans think of it as being. For Pepper, it could well be a more or less ethical proposition, and even one of service.

It's been a while, but I think one of her main problems with Tony's new vocation is that it brings violence into her life. The first thing that happens pretty much is that Stane tries to kill her, and she's almost in an Arc Reactor explosion. Then next movie, Tony gets in a fight at the race track, pretty near her, then she pairs up with Natasha and flinches back when Natasha starts hitting people. The line at the end of IM3, played for laughs but still, is, "Oh my god... that was really violent." And she leaves Tony, or goes on break, when his suit attacks her. I do wonder how much of it is not wanting Tony to get hurt, and how much is her worries about her personal safety.

Which is a more interesting to have a women who is completely fine with making and selling weapons, and strongly adverse to people using them near her.

Date: 2016-05-08 02:25 pm (UTC)
endeni: (Default)
From: [personal profile] endeni
/but it's a side of the character I would be interested in reading about/ - Oh, indeed, so interesting! *___*

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